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Congenital Aortic Stenosis
Congenital Aortic Stenosis Congenital aortic stenosis refers to an abnormally formed aortic valve which produces varying degrees of obstruction.Patients with mild aortic stenosis have no symptoms while those with moderate and severe aortic stenosis…
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Coarctation of Aorta
Coarctation of Aorta Coarctation of the aorta, or aortic coarctation, is a congenital condition whereby the aorta narrows in the area where the ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum after regression) inserts. Aortic coarctation is considered…
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Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a defect in the ventricular septum, the wall dividing the left and right ventricles of the heart.The ventricular septum consists of an inferior muscular…
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Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD)
Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) Ischemic heart disease (IHD), is the most common type of heart disease and cause of heart attacks.The disease is caused by plaque building up along the inner walls of the…



