Aortic Stenosis (AS) Aortic stenosis (AS) is a disease of the heart valves in which the opening of the aortic valve is narrowed.The aortic valve is the valve located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta, the largest artery in the body, which carries the entire output of blood to the systemic […]
Thyroid gland Thyroid gland is a highly vascular organ at the front of the neck,usually weighing about 30g,consist of bilateral lobes connected in the middle by narrow isthmus.It is one of the largest endocrine glands and consists of two connected lobes. The thyroid gland is found in the neck, below the thyroid cartilage. The thyroid gland controls […]
Persistant Truncus Arteriosus Truncus arteriosus is a rare heart defect that’s present at birth (congenital) also known as Common arterial trunk. If your baby has truncus arteriosus, it means that one large blood vessel leads out of the heart. Normally, there are two separate vessels coming out of the heart.In addition, the two lower chambers of […]
Acute Pancreatitis The pancreas is a large gland located behind the stomach and next to the duodenum (the first section of the small intestine). The pancreas has two primary functions: To secrete powerful digestive enzymes into the small intestine to aid the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fat To release the hormones insulin and glucagon […]
Pulmonary Stenosis Pulmonary Stenosis is a heart valve disorder that involves the pulmonary valve.This valve separates the right ventricle (one of the chambers in the heart) and the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.Stenosis, or narrowing, occurs when the valve cannot open wide enough. As a result, less blood flows to the […]
Mitral Incompetence / Mitral regurgitation Mitral Incompetence/Mitral regurgitation (MR) or mitral insufficiency is a disorder of the heart in which the mitral valve does not close properly when the heart pumps out blood. It is the abnormal leaking of blood from the left ventricle, through the mitral valve, and into the left atrium, when the left ventricle contracts, […]
Unstable Angina in Detail Definition Angina is a condition marked by crushing pain in your chest that may also be felt in your shoulders, neck, and arms. The pain is caused by inadequate blood supply to your heart, which leaves your heart deprived of oxygen.There are several types of angina; stable angina occurs when you […]
About PQRST in ECG P wave: ECG deflection representing atrial depolarization. Atrial repolarization occurs during ventricular depolarization and is obscured. QRS wave: ECG deflection representing ventricular depolarization. T wave: ECG defection representing ventricular repolarization ECG P Wave in ECG P wave is the result of depolarisation of left and right atria. It is upright in […]
Congenital Aortic Stenosis Congenital aortic stenosis refers to an abnormally formed aortic valve which produces varying degrees of obstruction.Patients with mild aortic stenosis have no symptoms while those with moderate and severe aortic stenosis can experience shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, or fainting. Patients with symptoms from aortic stenosis as well as those with […]
Coarctation of Aorta Coarctation of the aorta, or aortic coarctation, is a congenital condition whereby the aorta narrows in the area where the ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum after regression) inserts. Aortic coarctation is considered when a section of the aorta is narrowed to an abnormal width. The word “coarctation” means narrowing. Coarctations are most common […]