Pituitary Gland and its Hormones in Detail
While we are going to discuss about pituitary gland and its hormones we have to start with The pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weighing 0.5 grams (0.018 oz) in humans..It is divided into an anterior adenohypophysis and a smaller posterior neurohypophysis.It is a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base of the brain, and rests in a small, bony cavity (sella turcica) covered by a dural fold (diaphragma sellae).
The posterior pituitary
The posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) is a lobe of the gland that is functionally connected to the hypothalamus by the median eminence via a small tube called the pituitary stalk (also called the infundibular stalk or the infundibulum).
The anterior pituitary (or adenohypophysis) is a lobe of the gland that regulates several physiological processes (including stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation). The small gland attached to the hypothalamus and coched in the sphenoin bone, sits in the hypophysial fossa, situated in the sphenoid bone in the middle cranial fossa at the base of the brain. The pituitary gland secretes nine hormones that regulate homeostasis.supplying numerous hormones that govern many vital processesStudying about Pituitary gland and its Hormones in Detail with their Regulatory Hypothalamic Factors are very important in the field of Endocrinology.
Intermediate lobe of pituitary gland
Although rudimentary in humans (and often considered part of the anterior pituitary), the intermediate lobe located between the anterior and posterior pituitary is important to many animals. For instance, in fish, it is believed to control physiological color change. In adult humans, it is just a thin layer of cells between the anterior and posterior pituitary. The intermediate lobe produces melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), although this function is often (imprecisely) attributed to the anterior pituitary.
Image of the Pituitary gland
Pituitary Hormones and its harmones with their Regulatory Hypothalamic Factors
|
S.No. |
Hormone |
Regulatory Factors |
|
1. |
Growth hormone (STH) | Somatotropin – releasing factorSomatotrpin release inhibiting hormone |
|
2. |
Cortocotropin (ACTH) | Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) |
|
3. |
Thyrotropin (TSH) | Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) |
|
4. |
Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH) | Gonadotropin releasing |
|
5. |
Luteinzing Hormone | hormone (GnRH) |
|
6. |
Prolactin | Prolactin releasing factor |
|
7. |
Melanocyte Stimulating | MSH releasing factor |
| Hormone (MSH) | MSH release inhibiting factor |
Hormones of anterior pituitary (Adenohypophysis)
| Growth | Growth hormone (GH) |
| Failure | Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) |
| Leads | Luteinising hormone (LH) |
| To | Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) |
| A | Adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH) |
| Miniature | Melanocyte stimulating (MSH) |
| Person | Prolactin |
Hormones of posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)
Oxytocin,Vasopressin (antidiuretic harmone)