Submandibular lymphadenitis

Submandibular lymphadenitis

Submandibular lymphadenitis is swelling of the lymph nodes under the lower jaw. It can be caused by a number of infections, including respiratory infections, sexually transmitted diseases, and bacterial infections.

Lymphadenitis is the inflammation or enlargement of a lymph node.

Lymph nodes

Lymph nodes are small, oval-shaped nodules that filter out microorganisms and abnormal cells from lymph fluid.

Lymphadenitis

Lymphadenitis

Symptoms of Submandibular lymphadenitis

Swollen, tender, and hot lymph nodes.

Fever, fatigue, and muscle aches.

Redness or red streaking of the skin over the nodes.

Fluid draining from the nodes to the skin.

Causes of Submandibular lymphadenitis

Noncarcinogenic and noninfectious illnesses such as drug-induced lymphadenopathy, collagen vascular disorders, and sarcoidosis may also cause generalized or localized adenopathy.

Epstein-Barr virus.

Cytomegalovirus.

Cat-scratch disease.

Tuberculosis.

Sexually transmitted diseases.

Bacterial infections.

Bilateral upper respiratory disorders, such as sinusitis.

Generalized respiratory infections, such as equine influenza.

Diagnosis of Submandibular lymphadenitis

In general, the presence or absence of other signs and symptoms, changes in the nodes over time, and the characteristics of the nodes themselves determine how assertive any diagnostic plan should be.

For example, a patient with a movable, stable, soft node in the neck who is otherwise healthy can be observed for months. On the other hand, hard axillary (armpit) or supraclavicular (above the collarbone) nodes raise the suspicion of cancer and require aggressive biopsy (a procedure to sample lymph node tissue).

If adenopathy is chronic in one area, a thorough physical examination will determine if other less obvious nodes are involved, and palpating the liver and spleen may help determine the extent of involvement, particularly significant in lymphoma. Persistent, generalized (throughout the body) lymphadenopathy with no other signs is unusual and requires testing.

Treatment for Submandibular lymphadenitis

Antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungals.

Medicine to control pain and fever.

Medicine to reduce swelling.

Surgery to drain a lymph node that has filled with pus.

Risk Factors 

Unexplained lymphadenopathy.

Difficulty breathing or swallowing.

More details

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/lymphadenitis

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